Sunday, July 28, 2013

Wy'east, Pahto and Loowit

Native Americans composed many legends concerning the three "smoking mountains" Wy'east, Pahto and Loowit that guard the Columbia River.
According to the Bridge of the Gods tale, Wy'east (Mt. Hood) and Pahto (Mt. Adams; also called Klickitat by native peoples) were the sons of the Great Spirit. The brothers both competed for the love of the beautiful Loowit (Mt. St. Helens). When Loowit chose Pahto, Wy'east struck his brother hard so that Pahto's head was flattened and Wy'east took Loowit from him (thus attempting to explain Adams' squat appearance). In other versions of the story state that losing Loowit caused Pahto such grief that he dropped his head in shame.
In one version of the legend the two sons of the Great Spirit Sahale fell in love with the beautiful maiden Loowit who could not decide which to choose. The two braves, Wy'east and Pahto, burned forests and villages in their battle over her. Sahale became enraged and smote the three lovers. Seeing what he had done he erected three mountain peaks to mark where each fell. He made beautiful Mount St. Helens for Loowit, proud and erect Mount Hood for Wy'east, and the somber Mount Adams for the mourning Pahto.
In another telling Wy'east, the chief of the Multnomah tribe, competed with the chief of the Klickitat tribe. Their great anger led to their transformation into volcanoes. Their battle is said to have destroyed the Bridge of the Gods and thus created the great Cascade Rapids of the Columbia River. 
Much Indigenous American lore was inspired by the volcano's beauty and contains numerous legends to explain the eruptions of Mount St. Helens and other Cascade volcanoes. In one tale, the chief of all the gods and his two sons, Pahto (also called Klickitat) and Wy'east, traveled down the Columbia River from the Far North in search for a suitable area to settle.They came upon an area that is now called The Dalles and thought they had never seen a land so beautiful. The sons quarreled over the land, so to solve the dispute their father shot two arrows from his mighty bow — one to the north and the other to the south. Pahto followed the arrow to the north and settled there while Wy'east did the same for the arrow to the south. The chief of the gods then built the Bridge of the Gods, so his family could meet periodically.When the two sons of the chief of the gods fell in love with a beautiful maiden named Loowit, she could not choose between them. The two young chiefs fought over her, burying villages and forests in the process. The area was devastated and the earth shook so violently that the huge bridge fell into the river, creating the Cascades of the Columbia River Gorge. For punishment, the chief of the gods struck down each of the lovers and transformed them into great mountains where they fell. Wy'east, with his head lifted in pride, became the volcano known today as Mount Hood. Pahto, with his head bent toward his fallen love, was turned into Mount Adams. The fair Loowit became Mount St. Helens, which means "smoking or fire mountain".

At 11,240 feet, Wy'east is the highest point in Oregon and the fourth-highest in the Cascade range. Wy'east is home to 12 glaciers and is considered the Oregon volcano most likely to erupt. I have climbed Wy'east numerous times on several routes. In 1970 I was stunt woman for Olivia Hussey in a movie made just down from the summit. Wy'east fumerals are right behind me.

Three day old, brave Wy'east, Mr Navy
Contrary to legend, the flatness of Pahto's current summit area is not due to loss of the volcano's peak.  Instead it formed as a result of cone-building eruptions from separated vents. Pahto's summit is 12,300 ft.
Three day old Pahto (Mr. Red doesn't really have a flat head)
Mt. Loowit is well known for its ash explosions and pyroclastic flows. It's most notorious catastrophic eruption was on May 18, 1980. The blast reduced the elevation from 9,677 ft to 8,365 ft replacing it with a 1 mile wide, horseshoe-shaped crater. I was lucky to summit Loowit long before she blew her top. Pahto and Wy'east can be seen in the background.
The fair and beautiful, three day old Loowit, Ms Pink.